![]() Researchers found that users found code blocking easier to learn than text-based programming. Among them, block coding metaphor has frequently used where graphical code blocks are used instead of text-based programming syntax for creating commands. User experiences of several visual programming languages have been examined in previous studies to program robots. Thus, the usability issues related to their experience of controlling robotic toys are critical for designing these interfaces. ![]() Non-programmer adults are also using similar robotic toys for entertainment. On the other hand, robotic toys such as Sphero and Ollie Footnote 4 have been also used by non-programmer adults for entertainment and Lego Mindstorms used in universities to teach programming. For example, Lego Mindstorms Footnote 1, Ozobot Footnote 2, and Dash & Dot Footnote 3 have been commercialized as educational robot kits to teach coding to children by providing digital interfaces for programming these toys. They differ from traditional similar toys such as remote control cars by being programmable for autonomous actions and by integrating with a mobile device to play mixed reality games. Among them, also robotic toys that are capable of jumping, rolling, changing colors and moving autonomously have recently become popular for both children and adults. Recently, different types of robots have emerged into our lives such as drones and service robots. Our findings, which highlighted the usability issues of SPRK Lightning Lab for Sphero application, contribute to the field by providing design suggestions on using a digital medium and a tangible device together, the usability issues of block coding by non-programmers and learnability in a robotic toy application. Our procedure consisted of a pre-test and a semi-structured post-test interview as well as an exploring session for the participants and three tasks with a short semi-structured interview at the end of each task. In order to explore the usability issues related to the non-programmers’ experience of controlling the robotic toys, we conducted a user study with non-programmers (N = 9) by using Sphero (a robotic toy) and tested its mobile application, called SPRK Lightning Lab for Sphero, which adopted visual programming language with a block-based coding interface. However, usually, end-users are not experts in robotics or programming. Apart from being only a toy, some of these smart devices are programmable for accomplishing commands given by the end-user. Without it, humans would not have inhabited every corner of this planet.Recently, sophisticated robotic toys have commercially emerged into our lives. Risk-taking, leaping, trying again, and failing are part of our genetic material. Go #BeyondCode and enrich your learning experience with engaging STEAM activities that foster creativity and collaboration. But what if we allow students to fail in a safe space and make learning a personal endeavor? Oftentimes we can see failure, particularly in exams, as negative - one of the worst things we can allow students to experience. Without it, humans would not have inhabited every corner of this planet. ![]() ![]() STEM skills grant students the 21st-century abilities needed to perform a wide range of both essential and highly-skilled jobs. STEM teaching is the hands-on exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics concepts, and it’s becoming an increasingly important part of modern-day education. Critical thinkers can solve problems by keeping a clear mind and rational thoughts that will help you analyze a situation and make a sound decision. That’s the basic process of critical thinking. Using information available, combined with skills acquired, can help make good decisions. Sphero makes remarkably cool, programmable robots and STEAM-based educational tools that transform the way kids learn, create and invent through coding, science, music, and the arts. ![]()
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